Charles’s sack of Rome had made a Roman coronation impossible. Bologna, with its large Basilica San Petronio, was chosen as a suitable substitute location, but the change of venue presented significant problems from a symbolic point of view. The geography of the Eternal City and Saint Peter’s Basilica were vital to the centuries-old rituals of the event.
The imperial and papal courts therefore set about faithfully reproducing the symbolic geography of Rome in and around the Basilica of San Petronio. They also worked to ensure that the liturgy of the coronation Mass was performed as it would have been in Rome, drawing up a detailed ordo which specified the texts to be read and chanted in keeping with the age-old traditions.
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